Special ceramics, also known as advanced ceramics, new ceramics and high-performance ceramics, break through the boundaries of traditional ceramics with clay as the main raw material, mainly with oxides, carbonized substances, nitrides, silicides, etc. as the main raw materials, and sometimes can be combined with metals to form ceramic metal composite materials. It is a kind of ceramic metal composite material prepared by modern material technology, with unique and excellent performance Ceramic materials. It has become a research hotspot of modern high-performance composite materials. With the development of special ceramics in the 20th century, new products have been emerging in the past two or three decades, which has become increasingly important in modern industrial technology, especially in the field of high technology and new technology. Many scientists predict that special ceramics will occupy a very important position in the development of science and technology in the 21st century. Different chemical composition and organizational structure of special ceramics determine their different special properties and functions, which can be used as engineering structural materials and functional materials in mechanical, electronic, chemical, smelting, energy, medicine, laser, nuclear reaction, aerospace and other fields. Some developed countries, especially Japan, the United States and Western European countries, in order to accelerate the new technology revolution, lay a material foundation for the development of new industries, and invest a lot of human, material and financial resources in the research and development of special ceramics. Therefore, the development of special ceramics is very rapid, and there are great breakthroughs in technology.